Gettysburg Campaign

Adams County, PA

Marker Text: Crossing South Mountain from Chambersburg, Gen. Hill's Corps of Lee's army assembled here on June 29-30, 1863. On July 1, his advance guard moved up from near Marsh Creek and met Union troops west of Gettysburg.

Location: On old Route 30 (Chambersburg Road) just west of SR 3011, north of Cashtown about eight miles west of Gettysburg, PA. Erected by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in 1947.

  When I was a kid and my parents first took me to Gettysburg, I remember passing the Cashtown Inn on the way to Gettysburg. At the time I was unaware that Confederate General Robert E. Lee had stopped here with his army as they traveled toward Gettysburg. At the same time, Lee was unaware that his army would soon be engaged in one of the bloodiest battles and a turning point in the Civil War.

Marker is west of the Cashtown Inn and photo taken looking east toward Gettysburg.  Click any photo to enlarge.

  On June 29, 1863 the residents of this small community about 8 miles west of Gettysburg probably thought the whole Rebel army had arrived in their town when the soldiers of Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill's Third Corps suddenly descended from the eastern ridgeline. To Cashtown Innkeeper Jacob Mickley, who witnessed the spectacle, it appeared as if “the entire force under Lee...passed within twenty feet of my barroom.”

  Including a brief occupation by Confederate cavalry under Jeb Stuart in October 1862, this was the second time in less than a year that the Rebels had invaded Cashtown* (*Cashtown Inn gave its name to the peaceful crossroads village where the inn was built circa 1797. The name Cashtown was derived from the business practices of the first innkeeper, Peter Marck, who had insisted on cash payments for the goods he sold and the highway tolls he collected.)

Cashtown Inn, Civil War Trails marker is on the left of the Inn and a photo of the marker and text is below.

  During the Gettysburg Campaign, Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had surged across southern Pennsylvania at will until June 28. Until June 28, 1863, Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had met little resistance to their entering Pennsylvania, then later that day, scouts informed Lee that the Union army was north of the Potomac River and coming his way. Quickly Lee ordered his scattered army to concentrate at Cashtown, which stood strategically on his supply line back to Virginia. Within hours, legions of lean Rebel soldiers descended from Cashtown Gap.

Greenbrier Ghost

Greenbrier County, WV

Marker Text: Interred in nearby cemetery is Zona Heaster Shue. Her death in 1897 was presumed natural until her spirit appeared to her mother to describe how she was killed by her husband Edward. Autopsy on the exhumed body verified the apparition's account. Edward, found guilty of murder, was sentenced to the state prison. Only known case in which testimony from ghost helped convict a murderer.

Location: On U.S. Route 60 (eastbound) at junction with Interstate 64, exit 156 just outside Sam Black Church.  Erected by the West Virginia Department of Culture and History in 1981.

Weston State Hospital, Lewis Co., WV

Marker Text (No. 1): The oldest State Institution in West Virginia was authorized by an act of General Assembly of Virginia, March 22, 1858. The War Between the States delayed the construction. It was not opened for patients until October 22, 1864.

Location:  US 33 and US 119, west corner of hospital lot.

Marker Text (No. 2): Authorized as a western asylum by the state of Virginia in 1858. Construction was started in 1860, completed by the new State, and opened in 1864 as a hospital for mentally ill. This is the largest hand-cut stone building in America.

Location: US 33 and US 119, going SW out of Weston on east corner of hospital lot.

Today's entry deals with two markers about the same subject, Weston State Hospital in Weston, West Virginia. These two markers are on opposite corners on Route 33/119 next to the old hospital. I ran across these markers and the old hospital by accident one day while traveling through Weston looking for another marker.

   Before I knew anything about this old state mental hospital, I found that standing next to it to take these photos was a creepy and disturbing experience. Later, when I heard that the old building may be haunted, I did not find that assumption to be unrealistic.

   Prior to the American Civil War, there were two institutions in Virginia to treat mental illness. Overcrowded facilities at Williamsburg and Staunton often meant that those in need of treatment were confined in jails. Western Virginia politicians demanded a new facility be built west of the Allegheny Mountains. Virginia had never funded a public institution in present-day West Virginia, a point of contention among those who leaned toward forming a new state. To appease western leaders, the Virginia General Assembly authorized the establishment of the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum in 1858, although funds were not appropriated until January 6, 1860. The Civil War delayed construction and the facility finally opened in October 1864 as the West Virginia Hospital for the Insane, later renamed Weston State Hospital.

   Weston State Hospital was constructed between 1858 and 1881, is believed to be the largest hand-cut stone masonry building in North America, and is purportedly the second largest in the world, next to the Kremlin. The main building is massive, built of sandstone blocks in its exterior walls and was designed by Richard Snowden Andrews, a Baltimore architect whose commissions included the custom house in Baltimore, the governor’s mansion in Annapolis, and the south wing of the U.S. Treasury building in Washington, D.C. The building measures nearly 1,300 feet and the center unit is four stories high with a great cupola and clock tower. This center section originally was intended for business offices and personnel and even at one time had a large ballroom.

   The state closed the facility in 1994 and it sat empty for many years. It was designated for demolition when it was purchased by private individuals who wished to preserve the building. They chose to maintain the original name for the facility, “The Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum”.

   Ghost Hunters from the SyFy Channel have visited the Weston Hospital and conducted investigations regarding the hospital being haunted. The episode which covered their visit is from Season 4 and is called, “Haunted Asylum.” A short overview of the investigation can be found on their web site. If you fancy yourself an amateur ghost hunter, it is my understanding that you can arrange to spend the night at the hospital to conduct your own investigation.

   By the 1960s, these institutions had become overcrowded and underfunded, West Virginia like many states developed community-based mental health programs. People formerly committed to state hospitals could now receive services in their own communities. As local services expanded, state institutions downsized or closed. Weston State Hospital closed in 1994 and was replaced by a much smaller facility named for State Senator William R. Sharpe, Jr. I had the opportunity to meet State Senator Sharpe in 2003 and then again in 2005 when he introduced me to the WV State Senate, when I was invited to give the opening prayer for the first day of the legislative session by Senate President Earl Ray Tomblin.